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AI Vital Signs

A weekly read on the financial health of the AI build-out. Not a prediction — a set of gauges. Every number is real, sourced, and updated on a cadence, so you can watch the signals move for yourself.

Updated weekly · reading as of 29 September 2026

What moved this week: Anthropic filed to go public at ~$2 trillion while warning investors of "catastrophic or existential" risk; NVIDIA answered with a record $235B buyback; the RBA lifted Australian rates to a 15-year high; and Goldman put the industry's break-even gap near $300 billion a year.

Jump to what you want to know
This week's gauges
Anthropic IPO filingnew
~$2Tvaluation
▲ on a $42B loss · $518B compute owed · warns of "existential" risk
Reuters / CNBC, Sep 2026
NVIDIA buybackbull signal
$235B
▲ record +$150B this week · biggest in US history · "we have the cash"
NVIDIA / Bloomberg, Sep 2026
Cost of money (RBA · Fed)rising
4.60% / 4.00%
▲ RBA at a 15-year high · US Fed at 3.75–4.00%, hiking into the boom
RBA · US Federal Reserve, Sep 2026
AI break-even gapwide
~$300B/ yr
▲ Goldman: more than a third of AI capex now funded by debt
Goldman Sachs, Sep 2026
The token paradoxwatch
5×
▲ tokens keep getting cheaper, but agentic-workflow cost is set to rise 5× by 2028
Gartner, Aug 2026
Hyperscaler capexrising
~$697B/ yr (2026)
▲ up ~$173B since Jan · ~1.9% of US GDP
J.P. Morgan · Kobeissi, 2026
Off-balance-sheet commitmentsrecord
~$3.1T
▲ leases + purchase promises · Alphabet alone $811B
WSJ, Aug 2026
Mag 7 share of S&P 500stretched
~35%
▲ valuations "recall the dot-com bubble"
S&P Dow Jones · Bank of England, 2025–26
AI bond issuancesurging
$225BH1 2026
▲ +974% year-over-year · ~$400B full-year pace
S&P Global, 2026
Private-credit defaultsrecord
6.0%
▲ highest on record · banks $300B+ exposed to sponsors
Fitch, Apr 2026
OpenAI: revenue vs owedwide gap
$40B vs >$1.15T
ARR against signed commitments · burn ~$278B to 2030
FT / Bloomberg, Sep 2026
Model price (GPT-5.6 Luna)falling
$2.50 → $0.50/ M tokens
▼ cut 80% in a month · the price war deepens
VentureBeat / CNBC, Jul 2026
Chinese models · global usagepassed US
>50%
▲ overtook US models in token volume · ~4% of revenue
OpenRouter / Mozilla, 2026
Valuation signalwatch
"late stages"
▲ ≥30% downside flagged if it unwinds in 2027
Capital Economics, Sep 2026
watch elevated stretched / record
00 · The index

The numbers — every figure, searchable

Every verified data point in one place. Search it, or filter by theme, then click any figure to jump to the chart it lives in.

~$2TAnthropic IPO-filing valuation — on a $42B lossReuters / CNBC, 2026Revenue · Equity $518BAnthropic's future compute commitments (S-1)Reuters / CNBC, 2026Revenue $235BNVIDIA share-buyback authorisation — record +$150B this weekNVIDIA / Bloomberg, 2026Equity 4.60%RBA cash rate — a 15-year high (29 Sep 2026)RBA / ABC, 2026Debt 3.75–4.00%US Fed funds rate — hiking into the boomUS Federal Reserve, 2026Debt ~$300BAI break-even gap per year — more than a third of capex now debt-fundedGoldman Sachs, 2026Revenue 5×Agentic-workflow inference cost rise by 2028 — the token paradoxGartner, 2026Revenue ~$697BCombined hyperscaler AI capex, 2026J.P. Morgan, 2026Scale ~1.9%AI capex as a share of US GDP, 2025 — biggest bet since WWIIKobeissi Letter, 2025Scale ~$3TCumulative capex poured in since ChatGPTDavid Cahn / Sequoia, 2026Scale ~$2.9TGlobal data-centre spend projected through 2028Morgan Stanley, 2025Scale ~$1.5TFinancing gap beyond hyperscaler cash flowMorgan Stanley, 2025Scale ~92%Share of US GDP growth from data centres, H1 2025Jason Furman, 2025Scale $309BThe Apollo program in today's dollars, for comparisonPlanetary SocietyScale ~$1.35TOn-balance-sheet debt across the five giantsNikkei / Fortune, 2026Debt $225BAI bond issuance, H1 2026 — up 974% year-over-yearS&P Global, 2026Debt 6.0%Private-credit default rate — a recordFitch, 2026Debt ~198bpsOracle credit-default-swap spread — record highBloomberg, 2026Debt $72B vs $5BCoreWeave liabilities against equity, Jun 2026Company filings, 2026Debt · Circular ~$3.1TOff-balance-sheet commitments (leases + purchases)Wall Street Journal, 2026Debt · Circular $811BAlphabet's off-balance-sheet commitments aloneWall Street Journal, 2026Debt · Circular ~$1.65THidden AI debt — the Nikkei tally of the same layerNikkei, 2026Debt · Circular ~35%Magnificent Seven share of the entire S&P 500S&P Dow Jones, 2026Equity 17%Micron + SK Hynix share of global equity return, May 2026Acadian, 2026Equity "dot-com"US valuations "recall those during the dot-com bubble"Bank of England, Dec 2025Equity ≥30%S&P 500 downside if the bubble unwinds in 2027Capital Economics, 2026Equity · Damage 95%Enterprise AI pilots with no measurable P&L returnMIT Project NANDA, 2025Revenue ~$2TNew annual revenue AI needs by 2030 (~$800B short)Bain & Co., 2025Revenue $13B → $350BOpenAI revenue, 2025 actual to 2030 targetOpenAI docs / FT, 2025–26Revenue >$1.15TOpenAI's signed hardware & compute commitmentsFT / Bloomberg, 2026Revenue ~$278BOpenAI projected cash burn, 2026–2030FT / Bloomberg, 2026Revenue $70BAnthropic revenue target for 2028 (cash-positive ~2028)The Information, 2025Revenue $2.50 → $0.50GPT-5.6 Luna price per M tokens — cut 80% in a monthVentureBeat / CNBC, 2026Revenue · China ~$84–98BChina's total AI capex, 2025Bank of America, 2025China >10×US private AI investment vs China'sRAND, 2025China >50%Chinese models' share of global AI token usageOpenRouter / Mozilla, 2026China 4%Open-weight models' share of model-layer revenueLinux Foundation, 2026China · Revenue $53B / 3yrAlibaba's AI & cloud infrastructure pledgeAlibaba, 2025China 2.8TParameters in Kimi K3 — largest open model everMoonshot AI, 2026China ~$0.09/kWhChina industrial power — roughly in line with the USOIES / China Briefing, 2026Energy 2.3×China vs US total electricity generation, 2024IEA, 2024Energy 340 GWSolar China added in a single year (plus 80 GW wind)IEA, 2024Energy ~$20TUS household wealth at risk (+$15T abroad) in a crashGita Gopinath, 2025Damage ~$33TUS equity value wiped at current valuationsOliver Wyman, 2026Damage ~$40TLoss if P/E ratios revert to their long-run averageDean Baker / CEPR, 2026Damage
01 · The scale

The biggest bet in history

AI capital spending against a century of humanity's largest bets, measured as a share of the economy that paid for each one. open full ↗

02 · The anatomy

The Tower of Babble

What's holding the bet up, layer by layer — the capital, the debt and IOUs, the market concentration, and the damage if it falls. Click the bricks; topple the tower. open full ↗

03 · The rival

Two very different bets

The US and China aren't spending the same, or paying the same way. Click either side to see how it's funded. open full ↗

04 · The math

Can they ever pay it back?

OpenAI and Anthropic's own revenue forecasts, set against what they've already promised to spend. open full ↗

05 · The cast

Who's writing the cheques?

The two labs are the revenue side of the bet. This is the money side and the leverage side: sixteen players, six kinds of exposure, three flags each, every cell from a filing or a named outlet. Pick up to four to compare. open full ↗

06 · The circle

The money goes in a circle

The circular-financing loop, and the verified filings where the same dollar is booked as revenue at every stop. open full ↗

07 · The receipts

Sources & method

AI Vital Signs is refreshed weekly, alongside each edition of the Innovare AI Index. The fast-moving gauges such as prices, rates, filings and buybacks update every week, while the slower structural gauges such as GDP share, off-balance-sheet debt and market concentration move as new data lands, and we flag which changed. Every figure is drawn from a primary or authoritative source — company filings and earnings, central banks and institutions (BIS, the Bank of England, the IMF, the IEA), major banks' research, and established outlets such as the Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, Bloomberg and Reuters — and each is dated on its card and linked below.

We only publish numbers we can verify. Where a figure is an estimate or a company's own projection, it is flagged as such; figures measured on different accounting bases are shown separately and never added together. When a source is superseded, we update the figure and note what changed.

Please read

We have made our best effort to use only verifiable data from reputable sources, all of which are provided below so you can check them yourself. Some figures are estimates or forward-looking projections, and the future is uncertain.

This page is for information and education only. It is not financial, investment, legal, tax or other professional advice, and nothing here is a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security or to make any financial decision. Do your own research and consult a licensed professional before acting.